| SARS-CoV-2 | is | zoonotic (count: 3) | |
|---|---|
| SARS-CoV-2 is a zoonotic virus, and bats are believed to be its reservoir.
-- reference not found! | |
| SARS-CoV-2 is a new zoonotic coronavirus (CoV) that emerged in Wuhan, China which 19 was first reported on the 31 st December 2019.
-- reference not found! | |
| SARS-CoV-2 is a zoonotic virus that has caused a pandemic of severe respiratory disease-COVID-19within several months of its initial identification.
-- A Cryptic Site of Vulnerability on the Receptor Binding Domain of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein. biorxiv. 2020-03-17. | |
| population density | may increase | possibility of COVID-19 outbreak (count: 2) | |
| High population density, high proportion of external population and high mobility may increase the possibility of COVID-19 outbreak
| |
| High population density, high proportion of external population and high mobility may increase the possibility of COVID-19 outbreak[7, 8].
| |
| study population | included | 69 patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia (count: 1) | |
| The study population included 69 hospitalized patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia without comorbidities and 14,117 normal controls.
-- Clinical Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia Compared to Controls in Chinese Han Population. medrxiv. 2020-03-10. | |
| study population | included | 69 patients with SARS-CoV-2 China CDC report (count: 1) | |
| The study population included 69 hospitalized patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 China CDC official report on February 29, 2020.
-- Clinical Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia Compared to Controls in Chinese Han Population. medrxiv. 2020-03-10. | |
| study population | included | 69 COVID-19 patients (count: 1) | |
| The study population included 69 hospitalized COVID-19 patients without comorbidities and 14,117 normal controls.
-- Clinical Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia Compared to Controls in Chinese Han Population. medrxiv. 2020-03-10. | |
| highlighting | burden for | populations with expansion of COVID-19 (count: 1) | |
| Overall CFR among all infections was 1.6% (1.4-1.8%) and increased considerably for the elderly, highlighting the expected burden for populations with further expansion of the COVID-19 epidemic around the globe.
| |
| data | suggest | circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in population (count: 1) | |
| These data suggest larger circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in the French population than apparent from confirmed cases.
| |
| lung macrophage population | was present in | COVID-19 patients (count: 1) | |
| The increased lung macrophage population was present in severe COVID-19 patients.
| |
| severe COVID-19 patients | from population is | group 2 (count: 1) | |
| Moreover, we identified a novel intermediate macrophage population (group 2), only from the severe COVID-19 patients.
| |
| findings | demand | reassessment of transmission dynamics of COVID-19 outbreak accounting for sub-population (count: 1) | |
| This fact results in COVID-19 being more difficult to control than SARS-CoV. These findings demand a reassessment of the transmission dynamics of the COVID-19 outbreak accounting for the asymptomatic sub-population.
-- reference not found! | |
| SEYAR system | describing dynamics of COVID-19 transmission in | population (count: 1) | |
| Listed below is a SEYAR dynamical system (1) describing the dynamics of COVID-19 transmission in a closed human population.
-- reference not found! | |
| SARS-CoV-2 | is among | case of sub-population (count: 1) | |
| SARS-CoV-2 is probably among the The case of an increasing infected sub-population corresponds to the occurrence of an epidemic.
-- reference not found! | |
| model | describing SARS-CoV-2 transmission in | population (count: 1) | |
| developed a deterministic compartmental model describing SARS-CoV-2 transmission in a population stratified 100 by disease status (Figure 1).
| |
| We | estimate | number of COVID-19 cases from deaths in population (count: 1) | |
| We estimate the number of COVID-19 cases from newly reported deaths in a population without previous reports.
| |
| we | generated COVID-19 cases Based on | three sources of population flow data (count: 1) | |
| Based on three different sources of population flow data, we generated the total COVID-19 cases prediction closest to the official report through Tencent data.
| |
| population level data | included | numbers of cases 71 of COVID-19 (count: 1) | |
| population level data in this study included daily accumulative numbers of cases 71 and deaths of COVID-19 in China from Jan 21 to Mar 1, 2020.
-- Case fatality rate of novel coronavirus disease 2019 in China. medrxiv. 2020-02-26. | |
| 132 | set up | start point for optimization on expression of 133 SARS-CoV-2 S immunogen candidates through baculovirus expression vector 134 system (count: 1) | |
| 132 set up a start point for further optimization on expression and purification process of 133 SARS-CoV-2 S immunogen candidates through insect baculovirus expression vector 134 system (BEVS).
-- reference not found! | |
| most SARS-CoV-2 infections | is in | general population (count: 1) | |
| https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.10.20033795 doi: medRxiv preprint While most SARS-CoV-2 infections in the general population result in only mild symptoms, individuals with underlying comorbidities, particularly the elderly, are more vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection and require additional care [3] [4] [5] .
-- Active or latent tuberculosis increases susceptibility to COVID-19 and disease severity. medrxiv. 2020-03-16. | |
| IGRA COVID-19 cases | percentage of is | double estimate of percentage in population (count: 1) | |
| The percentage of IGRA+ve COVID-19 cases is approximately double the estimate of the percentage of IGRA+ve individuals in the general population (15-18% in rural China 10 ), suggesting that MTB infection likely is an important risk factor for susceptibility to SARS-COV-2 infection.
-- Active or latent tuberculosis increases susceptibility to COVID-19 and disease severity. medrxiv. 2020-03-16. | |
| COVID-19 sequences | be | differentiated from species in 366 Betacoronavirus genus (count: 1) | |
| Test-5 and Test-6 (see Table 3 ) are designed to verify that 365 COVID-19 sequences can be differentiated from the known species in the 366 Betacoronavirus genus.
| |
| COVID-19 | species of | 371 Sarbecovirus (count: 1) | |
| Therefore, these 370 results suggest that COVID-19 may represent a genetically distinct species of 371 Sarbecovirus.
| |
| different situation | is in | fever non-COVID-19 population (count: 1) | |
| To our knowledge, little has been reported about the specific antibody production process in the course of COVID-19 disease, and little has been reported about the different situation of antibodies in fever non-COVID-19 population, other diseases, special contact population such as medical staff and healthy population.
| |
| COVID-19 | spread across | metapopulation (count: 1) | |
| First, we simulated the COVID-19 spread across a metapopulation, where each population represented a city across China.
-- reference not found! | |
| population movement | has role in | spread of COVID-19 (count: 1) | |
| First, they support and validate the idea that population movement and close contact has a major role in the spread of COVID-19 within and beyond China, 3,14 indicating the global risk of a pandemic via travellers infected with this virus.
-- reference not found! | |
| We | estimated | COVID-19 spread under population contact rates (count: 1) | |
| We estimated the COVID-19 spread under different population contact rates after lifting inter-city travel restrictions across the country on Feburary 17, 2020. .
-- reference not found! | |
| study population | included | 752 cases with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia (count: 1) | |
| The study population included 752 cases with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia and 14,117 normal controls.
-- reference not found! | |
| population size | represent | outbreak of COVID-19 (count: 1) | |
| The population size is set to 500 to represent a localised outbreak of COVID-19.
-- reference not found! | |
| population | infected with | SARS-CoV-2 virus (count: 1) | |
| Diagnosed -population identified as infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus.
-- reference not found! | |
| we | study | 2019-nCoV epitopes displayed by HLA-DR alleles present in populations (count: 1) | |
| Since the current outbreak is originated from Wuhan city of China, we set out to study the 2019-nCoV epitopes displayed by HLA-DR alleles predominantly present in the ethnic populations of China (PRC), Thailand (TH), Japan (JPN) and Asia-Pacific Region (APR).
| |
| MERS-COV population | had rate compared with | COVID-19 population (count: 1) | |
| The present study revealed that compared with COVID-19 population, MERS-COV population had a higher rate of ICU admission, discharge and fatality and longer incubation time.
| |
| complications | included shock For | COVID-19 population (count: 1) | |
| For COVID-19 population, the main complications included shock, arrhythmia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute cardiac injury, acute kidney injury and acute .
| |
| admission rate | was found than | than COVID-19 population (count: 1) | |
| The higher admission rate of ICU was found in MERS-COV population than in COVID-19 population ( 43.6% vs. 22.4%, Figure 2 ).
| |
| fatality rate | was found in | COVID-19 population (count: 1) | |
| The lower fatality rate was found in COVID-19 population compared with MERS-COV population (6.8% vs. 34.1%, Figure 4 ).
| |
| MERS-COV population | rate than | COVID-19 population (count: 1) | |
| On the other hand, our results suggested that MERS-COV population had a higher rate of ICU admission and fatality than COVID-19 population, indicating that compared with MERS-COV, COVID-19 has less toxic and more easily cured.
| |
| COVID-19 population | has | rate (count: 1) | |
| COVID-19 population has a shorter incubation time and lower rate of ICU admission, discharge and fatality compared with MRES-COV population.
| |
| COVID-19 population | had | rate (count: 1) | |
| Compared with MERS-COV population, COVID-19 population had a less incubation time and lower rate of ICU admission, discharge and fatality.
| |
| findings | is in | general populations during COVID-19 outbreak (count: 1) | |
| The only factor significantly associated with both GAD and depressive symptoms was times focus on COVID-19, which is consistent with findings in the general populations during COVID-19 outbreak 51 author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
| |
| cancer patients | had | risk of COVID-19 than population (count: 1) | |
| It was found that cancer patients had an estimated 2-fold increased risk of COVID-19 than the general population.
-- SARS-CoV-2 transmission in cancer patients of a tertiary hospital in Wuhan. medrxiv. 2020-02-25. | |
| COVID-19 | is related In | context of our study population (count: 1) | |
| In the context of our study population, COVID-19 is closely related to CoV-OC43 (both betacoronaviruses), the most prevalent sCoV detection among patients under five.
-- reference not found! | |
| COVID-19 patients | have | milieu in cell populations 10 (count: 1) | |
| In addition, another explanation is that some COVID-19 patients may have a past history of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and CKD patients have a proinflammatory milieu and functional defects in innate and adaptive immune cell populations 10 .
-- Kidney impairment is associated with in-hospital death of COVID-19 patients. medrxiv. 2020-02-20. | |
| SARS-CoV-2 | experienced | population size expansion (count: 1) | |
| Therefore, in this study, EBSP 3 4 5 revealed that SARS-CoV-2 experienced an effective population size expansion since 3 4 6 7 th December 2019, which was also supported by a star-like network, EBSP, the 3 4 7 neutral tests (Fu's and Tajima's D test) and mismatch analysis.
| |
| Meta-population model | Assuming | newly emergence of COVID-19 (count: 1) | |
| Meta-population model 59 Assuming the newly emergence of COVID-19 causes an outbreak at location i, during the emergence, the 60 changes of the numbers of infectious cases I j at a different location j can be determined using a simple 61 Susceptible, Infected, and Recovered (SIR) meta-population model with a mobility matrix (contact mixing at 62 the population level):
-- The effects of border control and quarantine measures on global spread of COVID-19. medrxiv. 2020-03-17. | |
| study population | included | 41 staff with COVID-19 (count: 1) | |
| The study population included 41 hospitalized staff with confirmed COVID-19.
-- reference not found! | |
| We | provide | assay designs for detection of 67 species including SARS-CoV-2 (count: 1) | |
| We provide assay designs for detection of 67 viral species and subspecies, including: SARS-CoV-2, phylogenetically-related viruses, and viruses with similar clinical presentation.
-- CRISPR-based surveillance for COVID-19 using genomically-comprehensive machine learning design. biorxiv. 2020-03-02. | |
| different populations | is with | COVID-19 (count: 1) | |
| For an in-depth understanding of the AI system and characteristics of different populations with COVID-19, we evaluated the AI system on subsets of the external test cohort divided by gender, age and number of CT scans.
-- reference not found! | |
| observations | may provide | references for diagnosis of COVID-19 in populations (count: 1) | |
| These observations may provide decision-making references for the diagnosis of COVID-19 in different populations.
-- reference not found! | |
| countries | have adopted | isolation measures for populations from areas with SARS-CoV-2 infection (count: 1) | |
| All countries have adopted isolation measures for imported populations from areas or countries with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, and treated patients with symptoms who have a history of contact with this imported population 1 .
-- reference not found! | |
| SARS-CoV-2 infected population | is in | Xiangyang (count: 1) | |
| Based on the family-clustering feature of SARS-CoV-2 infected population in Xiangyang, it is of .
| |
| population migration | would affect | pattern of spread of COVID-19 (count: 1) | |
| Overall, population migration and social connection would affect the pattern of the spread of COVID-19.
-- Association of Population Migration and Coronavirus Disease 2019 Epidemic Control. medrxiv. 2020-02-20. | |
| we | depict | transmission mechanism of COVID-19 (count: 1) | |
| In this article, we propose a novel stochastic dynamic model in order to depict the transmission mechanism of COVID-19.
-- Prediction of the COVID-19 outbreak based on a realistic stochastic model. medrxiv. 2020-03-13. | |
| parameters metapopulation model | depicting | spread of SARS-CoV-2 (count: 1) | |
| This iterated filtering (IF)-EAKF framework has been used to infer parameters in a large-scale agent-based model for antimicrobial-resistant pathogens 9 , as well as a metapopulation model depicting the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in China 1 .
-- reference not found! | |
| population | may carry | COVID-19 (count: 1) | |
| Those population may carry the COVID-19 for several days and might infect others who are closely contacting with, which makes the potentional risk.
| |
| SEIR-metapopulation models | study | transmission of diseases like COVID-19 (count: 1) | |
| Stochastic SEIR-metapopulation models are routinely used to study the temporal and spatial transmission of diseases like the COVID-19.
| |
| population | is vulnerable to | outcomes of COVID-19 infections (count: 1) | |
| This means that the population is equally vulnerable to fatal outcomes of COVID-19 infections.
-- reference not found! | |
| They | evaluating | screening of populations for COVID-19 virus (count: 1) | |
| They are relevant to evaluating screening of human populations for the COVID-19 virus and other illnesses that cause fever.
-- Infrared assessment of human facial temperature in the presence and absence of common cosmetics. medrxiv. 2020-03-13. | |
| SARS-CoV-2 | spread across | population (count: 1) | |
| Mathematical models can help us understand how SARS-CoV-2 would spread across the population and inform control measures that may mitigate future transmission.
| |
| we | do take | lack of population immunity to SARS-CoV-2 (count: 1) | |
| 31,32 However, unlike models built for pandemic or seasonal flu, we do take into account the lack of population immunity to SARS-CoV-2.
| |
| interacting meta-populations | model of is | following day for COVID-19 following recent estimate by Zhu et al 11 (count: 1) | |
| Finally, we note that, in reality when dealing with spatially extended network, migration between i and j takes place with finite speed and hence there is an associated delay δ ij , which we consider to be proportional to the geographic distance between i and j. Combining all these, our model of interacting meta-populations is the following day) for COVID-19 following the recent estimate by Zhu et al 11 .
| |
| calculation | reduce | outbreak of population of 2019-nCoV (count: 1) | |
| The present calculation strongly supports the interventions and restrictions adopted in Italy to reduce the outbreak of the infectious population of the 2019-nCoV. .
-- Modelling the epidemic 2019-nCoV event in Italy: a preliminary note. medrxiv. 2020-03-17. | |
| US population | understand | their risk perceptions about COVID-19 outbreak (count: 1) | |
| Objective: In the first study of its kind on COVID-19, our objective was to survey the adult US population to better understand their risk perceptions about the COVID-19 outbreak.
-- Perceptions of the Adult US Population regarding the Novel Coronavirus Outbreak. medrxiv. 2020-02-27. | |
| COVID-19 | was transmitted in | population (count: 1) | |
| There seems to have been a period of several weeks where COVID-19 was transmitted in the Italian population undetected.
-- reference not found! | |
| distinct host-species branches | is in | evolutionary history of SARS-CoV-2 (count: 1) | |
| Comparing Wuhan-Hu-1 to Pan_SL-CoV_GD and RaTG13, as representative of distinct host-species branches in the evolutionary history of SARS-CoV-2, using the recombination detection tool RIP (16) , we find significant recombination breakpoints before and after the ACE2 binding site ( fig.
-- reference not found! | |
| SARS-CoV-2 | history of | cross-species recombination (count: 1) | |
| S2A ), suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 carries a history of cross-species recombination between the bat and the pangolin CoVs.
-- reference not found! | |
| observations | suggest | cross-species recombination in evolution of SARS-CoV-2 (count: 1) | |
| Together, these observations suggest ancestral cross-species recombination between pangolin and bat CoVs in the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 at the ORF1a and S genes.
-- reference not found! | |
| UK government | specifying population subgroups at | risk from COVID-19 infection (count: 1) | |
| The UK government published guidelines on 16 March 2020, specifying particular population subgroups at high risk from COVID-19 infection (10) .
-- reference not found! | |
| 2019-nCoV | is in | human populations (count: 1) | |
| The differential equations (equations (1) -(4)) which describe the dynamics of the 2019-nCoV in human populations are formulated based on the compartmental diagram described earlier in Figure 1 .
-- Transmission Dynamics of 2019-nCoV in Malaysia. medrxiv. 2020-02-11. | |
| Our study population | might represent | most of characteristics of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection (count: 1) | |
| Our study population might represent most of the clinical characteristics of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
| |
| SARS-CoV-2 | is species of | RNA virus (count: 1) | |
| SARS-CoV-2 is a novel species of non-segmented positive-sense RNA virus which can spread and distribute in humans and other mammals [1] .
| |
| SARS-CoV-2 | has | likely zoonotic origin (count: 1) | |
| SARS-CoV-2 has a likely zoonotic origin and horseshoe bats have been implicated as natural reservoirs of both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 (Menachery et al.,
-- A Cryptic Site of Vulnerability on the Receptor Binding Domain of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein. biorxiv. 2020-03-17. | |
| studies | have examined | effect of population movement on spread of COVID-19 (count: 1) | |
| Several recent studies have examined the effect of population movement on the spread of COVID-19 (Zhan et al.,
| |
| COVID-19 | predicted | curve for population (count: 1) | |
| COVID-19 predicted epidemic curve for overall population of Perth.
-- reference not found! | |
| recent paper | conducted | population analysis of 103 COVID-19 genomes (count: 1) | |
| A recent paper 245 conducted a population genetic analysis of 103 COVID-19 genomes showing that the virus has evolved into two major types: L and S, with changes in their relative frequency after the outbreak possibly due to human intervention resulting in selection pressure [49].
| |
| population age structure | interacts with | COVID-19 mortality rates (count: 1) | |
| In Figure 1 , we use population pyramids to illustrate how population age structure interacts with high COVID-19 mortality rates at older ages to generate large differences across populations in the number of deaths, using existing assumptions about infection prevalence and age-specific mortality.
-- reference not found! | |
| We | examined | effects of 19 population outflow on 2019-nCoV transmission (count: 1) | |
| We examined the effects of 19 population outflow from Wuhan on the 2019-nCoV transmission in other provinces 20 and cities of China, as well as the impacts of the city closure in Wuhan.
-- Population movement, city closure and spatial transmission of the 2019-nCoV infection in China. medrxiv. 2020-02-05. | |
| population outflow | be | one trigger of 2019-nCoV infection transmission (count: 1) | |
| In conclusion, our study indicates that the population outflow from Wuhan might 304 be one important trigger of the 2019-nCoV infection transmission in China, and the 305 policy of city closure is effective to prevent the epidemic and earlier implementation 306 would be more effective.
-- Population movement, city closure and spatial transmission of the 2019-nCoV infection in China. medrxiv. 2020-02-05. | |
| 2019-nCoV 174 cases | is with | higher index of outflow population (count: 1) | |
| Therefore, we could observe that there were more 2019-nCoV 174 cases in the provinces with higher index of outflow population.
-- Population movement, city closure and spatial transmission of the 2019-nCoV infection in China. medrxiv. 2020-02-05. | |
| population movement | is with | COVID-19 epidemic142 (count: 1) | |
| population movement with the COVID-19 epidemic142 In both 2019 and 2020, the daily population outflow from Hubei started to rise steadily for 7-10 days 143 before the Lunar New Year's Day (Jan 25 th , 2020) (Fig.
| |
| country 147 specific COVID-19 infection dynamics | is with | viral population genome diversity (count: 1) | |
| In this study, we used incidence data to derive R and compared country 147 specific COVID-19 infection dynamics with viral population genome diversity.
-- reference not found! | |
| SARS-CoV-2 clusters | is in | trees of species Severe acute respiratory syndromerelated coronavirus (count: 1) | |
| SARS-CoV-2 clusters with SARS-CoVs in trees of the species Severe acute respiratory syndromerelated coronavirus (Fig.
| |
| population | is susceptible to | SARS-CoV-2 infection (count: 1) | |
| This study together with China CDC report indicated that the general population, regardless of age, is susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
-- reference not found! | |
| pangolin CoVs | triggered | cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (count: 1) | |
| In short, our findings propose that homologous recombination has been occurred between bat and pangolin CoVs that triggered cross-species transmission and emergence of SARS-CoV-2, and, during the ongoing outbreak, SARS-CoV-2 is still evolving for its adaptability.
-- reference not found! | |
| SARS-CoV-2 | generated in | animal host (count: 1) | |
| In our view, there is currently no credible evidence to support the claim that SARS-CoV-2 originated from a laboratory-engineered CoV. It is more likely that SARS-CoV-2 is a recombinant CoV generated in nature between a bat CoV and another coronavirus in an intermediate animal host.
-- reference not found! | |
| index case | support | hypothesis of zoonotic origin of 2019-nCoV (count: 1) | |
| To support the hypothesis of zoonotic origin of 2019-nCoV stemming from the Huanan seafood market, the index case should have had exposure history related to the market and the virus should have been identified from animals sold at the market.
| |
| Historical COVID-19 dataset | size of | population N (count: 1) | |
| Input: Historical COVID-19 dataset, size of population N, total number of iterations t max .
-- Optimization Method for Forecasting Confirmed Cases of COVID-19 in China. J Clin Med. 2020. | |
| SARS-CoV-2 clusters | is in | trees of species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (count: 1) | |
| Consistent with previous reports, SARS-CoV-2 clusters with SARS-CoVs in trees of the species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (Fig.
-- The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2. Nature Microbiology. 2020. | |
| SARS-CoV-2 | differs from | two zoonotic coronaviruses (count: 1) | |
| With respect to novelty, SARS-CoV-2 differs from the two other zoonotic coronaviruses, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, introduced to humans earlier in the twenty-first century.
-- The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2. Nature Microbiology. 2020. | |
| Intra-species PDs | include | PD between SARS-CoV-2 (count: 1) | |
| Intra-species PDs of SARS-CoV-2 belong to the top 25% of this species and also include the largest PD between SARS-CoV-2 and an African bat virus isolate (SARSr-CoV_BtKY72) 56 (panel c of the figure in Box 4), representing two basal lineages within the species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus that constitute very few known viruses (Fig.
-- The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus: classifying 2019-nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2. Nature Microbiology. 2020. | |
| SARS-CoV-2 | is different from | zoonotic MERSr-CoV (count: 1) | |
| SARS-CoV-2 is different from the zoonotic MERSr-CoV and SARSr-CoV and becomes the seventh coronavirus to infect humans [5] .
| |
| population | be susceptible to | 2019-nCoV 40 41 (count: 1) | |
| The high affinity between ACE2 and 2019-nCoV S protein also suggested that the population with higher expression of ACE2 might be more susceptible to 2019-nCoV 40, 41 .
-- Transmission routes of 2019-nCoV and controls in dental practice. International Journal of Oral Science. 2020. | |
| COVID-19 | involves | infections among majority of population (count: 1) | |
| Although COVID-19 involves mostly mild infections among the majority of the general population, the risk of death among young adults is higher than that of seasonal influenza, and elderly with underlying comorbidities require additional care.
-- Communicating the Risk of Death from Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020. | |
| COVID-19 epidemic | was initiated including | 5.1 million population (count: 1) | |
| The COVID-19 epidemic was initiated in Wuhan, the Provincial Capital of Hubei Province with a total population of 14.2 million, including 5.1 million mobile population.
-- First two months of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) epidemic in China: real-time surveillance and evaluation with a second derivative model. Global Health Research and Policy. 2020. | |
| SARS-CoV-2 | entered | population (count: 1) | |
| At the time of writing, the host from which the SARS-CoV-2 entered the human population is unknown although the suspicion is that food markets are likely sources for the original spillover.
-- reference not found! | |
| species barrier | initiating | epidemic of COVID-19 (count: 1) | |
| It is now hypothesized that one of the reservoir coronavirus species in bats crossed the species barrier to an intermediate mammal host (presumed to be a masked civet) sold at the wet market at the epicenter of the current epidemic, with subsequent mutation and transmission to humans, initiating the present epidemic of COVID-19.
| |
| COVID-19 | is | potential zoonotic disease (count: 1) | |
| COVID-19 is a potential zoonotic disease with low to moderate (estimated 2%-5%) mortality rate.
-- Overview of The 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): The Pathogen of Severe Specific Contagious Pneumonia (SSCP). J Chin Med Assoc. 2020. | |
| 2019-nCoV infection | is | zoonotic disease (count: 1) | |
| 23 In conclusion, 2019-nCoV infection is a zoonotic disease with low to moderate mortality rate.
-- Overview of The 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): The Pathogen of Severe Specific Contagious Pneumonia (SSCP). J Chin Med Assoc. 2020. | |
| 2019-nCoV | is with | other species of Orthocoronavirinae (count: 1) | |
| We sought to characterize the relationship of the translated proteins of 2019-nCoV with other species of Orthocoronavirinae.
-- reference not found! | |
| data | characterize | relationship of proteins of 2019-nCoV to species of Orthocoronavirinae (count: 1) | |
| The combined data were used to characterize the relationship of the translated proteins of 2019-nCoV to other species of Orthocoronavirinae.
-- reference not found! | |
| we | characterized | relationship of proteins of 2019-nCoV to species of Orthocoronavirinae (count: 1) | |
| In this study, we comprehensively characterized the relationship of the translated proteins of 2019-nCoV to other species of Orthocoronavirinae.
-- reference not found! | |
| 2019-nCoV | was found | related to batinfecting Sarbecovirus species than to SARS coronavirus (count: 1) | |
| 2019-nCoV was found to be more closely related to the batinfecting Sarbecovirus species, Bat SARS-like coronavirus, and BetaCoV RaTG13 than to the SARS coronavirus that infects humans.
-- reference not found! | |
| heatmap | indicates | matrix of homolog proteins of 2019-nCoV against species in dataset (count: 1) | |
| The heatmap indicates the binary matrix of the homolog proteins of 2019-nCoV against other species in the dataset, with black and white colors as presence and absence, respectively.
-- reference not found! | |
| population | patients in | COVID-19 epidemic (count: 1) | |
| In order to help patients and general population in the COVID-19 epidemic, we are trying to share it with all mental health hospitals in Sichuan Province to help relieve psychological aftershock of the public emergency.
-- Recommended psychological crisis intervention response to the 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak in China: a model of West China Hospital. Precision Clinical Medicine. 2020. | |
| scale | population-based testing for | 2019-nCoV (count: 1) | |
| Still, population-based testing of respiratory secretions by nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT) for 2019-nCoV would most likely underestimate the scale of the outbreak, as asymptomatic patients or patients after recovery from infection may no longer be NAT-positive.
-- 2019-novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): estimating the case fatality rate - a word of caution. Swiss Med Wkly. 2020. | |
| COVID-19 cases | of incidence is | cases per 1,000,000 population (count: 1) | |
| The incidence (cases per 1,000,000 population) of COVID-19 cases was highest in The daily cumulative index (DCI) of COVID-19 cases was defined as cumulative cases/no.
-- reference not found! | |
| Interpretation 2019-nCoV | be considered | human-infecting betacoronavirus (count: 1) | |
| Interpretation 2019-nCoV is sufficiently divergent from SARS-CoV to be considered a new human-infecting betacoronavirus.
| |
| 2019-nCoV | infected | population (count: 1) | |
| Currently available data suggest that 2019-nCoV infected the human population from a bat reservoir, although it remains unclear if a currently unknown animal species acted as an intermediate host between bats and humans.
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| 2019-nCoV | was similar to | two coronavirus strains than to human-infecting coronaviruses (count: 1) | |
| 2019-nCoV was more similar to two bat-derived coronavirus strains, bat-SL-CoVZC45 and bat-SL-CoVZXC21, than to known human-infecting coronaviruses, including the virus that caused the SARS outbreak of 2003.
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| data | may | may valuable in animal species with SARS-CoV-2 infection (count: 1) | |
| Besides, in a mouse model of SARS-CoV infection, prophylactic and early therapeutic dosing of remdesivir therapy effectively decreased viral load in lungs and improved pulmonary function[20].According to the previous rhesus monkey model of Ebola virus infection, an intravenous 10 mg/kg dose of remdesivir could lead to a lasting level of active triphosphate form in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), >10 μM, for at least 24 hours[15], and such data may be valuable in the same animal species with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
-- Arguments in favour of remdesivir for treating SARS-CoV-2 infections. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents. 2020-03-06. | |
| it | using | patient population with 2019-nCoV disease (count: 1) | |
| 6 Because the plasma concentration of baricitinib on therapeutic dosing (either as 2 mg or 4 mg once daily) is sufficient to inhibit AAK1, we suggest it could be trialled, using an appropriate patient population with 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease, to reduce both the viral entry and the inflammation in patients, using endpoints such as the MuLBSTA score, an early warning model for predicting mortality in viral pneumonia.
-- Baricitinib as potential treatment for 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease. The Lancet. 2020-02-21. | |
| SARS-CoV-2 | is initiated by | zoonotic transmission (count: 1) | |
| Similar to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 is initiated by zoonotic transmission likely from bats and spreads rapidly among humans [6] .
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| incidence rates | using reference population data on | SARS-CoV-2 (count: 1) | |
| Surveillance cases data from February 19 to March 9, 2020, officially reported by the Iranian health authorities were used to estimate the cumulated incidence rates using reference population data on SARS-CoV-2 confirmed infections (cases/100,000 pop) and to develop the maps by provinces, using the GIS software Kosmo® 3.1.
-- reference not found! | |
| we | should reflect given | emergence of 2019-nCoV pneumonia as disease with interspecies transmission (count: 1) | |
| However, given the emergence of 2019-nCoV pneumonia as a new infectious disease with interspecies transmission from animals, we should reflect on the origin of the human pathogen and learn from our experience.
-- The epidemic of 2019-novel-coronavirus (2019-nCoV) pneumonia and insights for emerging infectious diseases in the future. Microbes and Infection. 2020-03-31. | |
| SARS-CoV-2 | is contagious than | viruses among populations (count: 1) | |
| Although SARS-CoV-2 has some similarities with other coronaviruses, such as SARS-CoV and middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 is more contagious than other viruses among populations, which has caused more than 60,000 people infected worldwide within 2 months (Lu et al.,
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| they | may | may susceptible to COVID-19 infection than population (count: 1) | |
| Pregnant women are more susceptible to respiratory pathogens; hence, they may be more susceptible to COVID-19 infection than the general population.
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| patient population | is with | COVID-19 (count: 1) | |
| Clinical presentation and pertinent laboratory findings of patient population with COVID-19 (N = 249).
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| bat origin | implicating animal species as | possible hosts for COVID-19 infections (count: 1) | |
| Another piece of evidence that supports the COVID-19 is of bat origin is the existence of a high degree of homology of the ACE2 receptor from a diversity of animal species, thus implicating these animal species as possible intermediate hosts or animal models for COVID-19 infections [20] .
-- The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. Journal of Autoimmunity. 2020-02-26. | |
| COVID-19 | been introduced to | populations (count: 1) | |
| 6 COVID-19 is thought to have been introduced to human populations from the animal kingdom in November or December, 2019, as suggested by the phylogeny of genomic sequences obtained from early cases.
-- COVID-19: what is next for public health?. The Lancet. 2020-02-28. | |
| public conveyances | is with | elimination of COVID-19 in human populations as final goal (count: 1) | |
| Efforts are currently underway in China, in the 24 countries to which infected persons have travelled, and in public conveyances, such as cruise ships, to interrupt transmission of all existing and potential chains of transmission, with elimination of COVID-19 in human populations as the final goal.
-- COVID-19: what is next for public health?. The Lancet. 2020-02-28. | |
| We | discuss | zoonotic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (count: 1) | |
| We aimed to discuss the zoonotic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 to humans.
-- COVID-19: Zoonotic aspects. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease. 2020-02-27. | |
| patients | are | as population representative of onset of COVID-19 (count: 1) | |
| However, as a true population at risk of mortality, these patients are representative of the earliest onset of COVID-19.
-- reference not found! | |
| SARS-CoV-2 | is | zoonotic virus spread (count: 1) | |
| 5 Although initially a zoonotic virus, SARS-CoV-2 is now spread human-to-human with higher infectivity than MERS and SARS but a lower fatality rate.
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| collaboration | understand | impact of SARS-CoV-2 epidemic on population (count: 1) | |
| Data collection and large collaboration among centers worldwide are needed to understand the real impact of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic on population of cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.
-- reference not found! | |
| population | is susceptible to | SARS-CoV-2 (count: 1) | |
| The epidemiological survey has indicated that the general population is susceptible to SARS-CoV-2.
-- Recurrence of positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA in COVID-19: A case report. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2020-03-05. | |
| hemodialysis population | may | may vulnerable to COVID-19 pneumonia (count: 1) | |
| 14 Given the likely immunosuppression and the high prevalence of comorbid conditions among dialysis patients, the hemodialysis population may be particularly vulnerable to COVID-19 pneumonia, making efforts to promptly identify individuals with SARS-CoV-2 virus infection and implement steps to limit the spread of the virus critical (Fig 2) .
-- reference not found! | |
| z | was zoonotic case | definition of 2019-nCoV differs (count: 1) | |
| where S(t), E(t), I(t), and R(t) were the number of susceptible, latent, infectious, and removed individuals at time t; D E and D I were the mean latent (assumed to be the same as incubation) and infectious period (equal to the serial interval minus the mean latent period 4 ); R 0 was the basic reproductive number; z(t) was the zoonotic The case definition of 2019-nCoV differs depending on the context in which it is used.
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| utilization changes | is in | general population created by COVID-19 epidemic (count: 1) | |
| Therefore, a critical challenge is to determine how dental emergency institutions should respond to utilization changes in the general population created by the COVID-19 epidemic.
-- The impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on the utilization of emergency dental services. Journal of Dental Sciences. 2020-03-16. | |
| SARS-CoV-2 | is far from | coronavirus isolated from other species analyzed in study (count: 1) | |
| In summary, based on these results, we have some thoughts on the research of the SARS-CoV-2 in the future: (1) the SARS-CoV-2 is closely related to bat coronavirus RaTG13 but is far from coronavirus isolated from other species analyzed in this study.
-- Genetic evolution analysis of 2019 novel coronavirus and coronavirus from other species. Infection, Genetics and Evolution. 2020-08-31. | |
| SARS-CoV-2 transmission | is in | paediatric population (count: 1) | |
| Thus, more studies are needed to have a better understanding of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in the paediatric population and improve the level of diagnosis, management, and prevention.
-- reference not found! | |
| COVID-19 patients | is in | population (count: 1) | |
| At present, it is considered that the main infectious source of sars-cov-2 is COVID-19 patients in the population.
-- reference not found! | |
| SARS-CoV-2 | is part of | species of coronaviruses (count: 1) | |
| The SARS-CoV-2, taxonomically, is currently part of the species of the SARS-related coronaviruses that belong to the subgenus Sarbecovirus.
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| hotspot | has | has established in SARS-CoV-2 population (count: 1) | |
| The hyper-variable genomic hotspot has been established in the SARS-CoV-2 population at the nucleotide but not the amino acid level, suggesting that there have been no beneficial mutations.
-- Identification of the hyper-variable genomic hotspot for the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Journal of Infection. 2020-03-05. | |
| identity | suggesting | bat zoonotic origin of SARS-CoV-2 (count: 1) | |
| SARS-CoV-2 were highly similar to RaTG13 isolated from bats, showing 96% identity based on the whole-nucleotide sequences and 83% based on the protein 3 sequences, suggesting a bat zoonotic origin of SARS-CoV-2.
-- Identification of the hyper-variable genomic hotspot for the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Journal of Infection. 2020-03-05. | |
| there had hyper-variable genomic hotspot | is in | SARS-CoV-2 population (count: 1) | |
| Several mutations were clustered in peptides nsp3 and nsp4 of ORF1ab and in the header of S. These results suggested that there had probably been no hyper-variable genomic hotspot in the SARS-CoV-2 population until now.
-- Identification of the hyper-variable genomic hotspot for the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Journal of Infection. 2020-03-05. | |
| COVID-19 infection | is with | that for Italian population (count: 1) | |
| The only way we can make such predictions is by comparing the trends in the data collected in the Hubei region in China for COVID-19 infection with that for the Italian population.
-- COVID-19 and Italy: what next?. The Lancet. 2020-03-13. | |
| SARS-CoV-2 | is | human-infecting member (count: 1) | |
| SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh reported human-infecting member of the family Coronaviridae, which also includes SARS-CoV and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV. It has been identified as the causative agent of COVID-19.
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| bat | is probable species for | SARS-CoV-2 (count: 1) | |
| Similar to the case for SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV [2] , the bat is still a probable species of origin for 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) because SARS-CoV-2 shares 96% wholegenome identity with a bat CoV, BatCoV RaTG13, from Rhinolophus affinis from Yunnan Province [3] .
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| SARS-CoV-2 hosts | block | interspecies transmission (count: 1) | |
| Considering the wide spread of SARSr-CoVs in natural reservoirs, such as bats, camels, and pangolins, our findings would be meaningful for finding novel intermediate SARS-CoV-2 hosts to block interspecies transmission.
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| SARS-CoV-2 | utilizing | scores of species analysed in study (count: 1) | |
| SARS-CoV-2 utilizing scores of all species analysed in this study.
-- reference not found! | |
| 2019-nCoV | zoonotic potential of is | investigation (count: 1) | |
| Thus, the zoonotic potential of 2019-nCoV is currently under investigation.
-- Novel coronavirus: From discovery to clinical diagnostics. Infection, Genetics and Evolution. 2020-04-30. | |
| human species ACE2 | is in | complex with 2019-nCoV spike protein (count: 1) | |
| Structural studies on human and other species ACE2 in complex with 2019-nCoV spike protein will con-
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