| antibodies | elicit | immune response against SARS-CoV-2 warrants (count: 1) | |
|---|---|
| Whether the antibodies specific to this motif maintain their binding and elicit an immune response against SARS-CoV-2 warrants further experimental investigation.
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| immune response | controlling | COVID-19 (count: 1) | |
| 23.20026690 doi: medRxiv preprint cells formed in the mildly infected patients support the notion that a rapid and robust adaptive immune response is potentially critical for controlling COVID-19.
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| We | identified | potential targets for immune responses to 2019-nCoV (count: 1) | |
| We identified potential targets for immune responses to 2019-nCoV and provide essential information for understanding human immune responses to this virus and evaluation of diagnostic and vaccine candidates.
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| affinity epitopes | modulating | immune responses to 2019-nCoV (count: 1) | |
| The high affinity epitopes identified in the functionally important regions of Spike and Membrane proteins could be critical in modulating immune responses to circulating 2019-nCoV. Many of the low binding affinity regions in the structural proteins may favor viruses to evade host antiviral immunity.
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| COVID-19 | be associated with | immune response (count: 1) | |
| This result indicates that COVID-19 might be associated with cellular immune response, mainly act on lymphocytes like MERS-COV does [48] .
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| data | suggesting | immune response connected to control of COVID-19 (count: 1) | |
| unpublished data indicate highly expanded clonal CD8+ T cells in the lung microenvironment of mild COVID-19 patients, suggesting a robust adaptive immune response connected to a better control of COVID-19 (https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.02.23.20026690v1.full.pdf).
-- Immunopathological characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 cases in Guangzhou, China. medrxiv. 2020-03-16. | |
| SARS-CoV-2 | can | can targeted by 134 immune response (count: 1) | |
| Nevertheless, the availability of this cryptic epitope 130 on the actual virus surface still has to be quantified to fully comprehend its 131 immunological role during natural infection.132 133Overall, our study provides insight into how SARS-CoV-2 can be targeted by the 134 humoral immune response and revealed a conserved, but cryptic epitope shared 135 between SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV. Recently, our group and others have identified a 136 conserved epitope on influenza A virus hemagglutinin (HA) that is located in the trimeric 137 interface and is only exposed through protein "breathing" (23-25), which is somewhat 138 analogous to the epitope of CR3022.
-- A highly conserved cryptic epitope in the receptor-binding domains of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV. biorxiv. 2020-03-14. | |
| antibodies | play roles in | COVID-19 immune response (count: 1) | |
| Therefore, the interferon-MAPK pathway and TCR-and BCR-produced antibodies play important roles in the COVID-19 immune response.
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| we | focus on | insights into blood immune responses to COVID-19 (count: 1) | |
| Here, we focus on insights into blood immune responses to COVID-19 using 5' mRNA, TCR, and BCR V(D)J recombination analysis with 4 4 single-cell resolution.
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| signaling pathway | was | blood immune response for COVID-19 infection (count: 1) | |
| Among these pathways, the interferon-MAPK signaling pathway was the major blood immune response for COVID-19 infection.
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| SARS-CoV-2 | cause | blood immune response (count: 1) | |
| 15.20033472 doi: medRxiv preprint In summary, we demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 can enter the blood through the circulatory system and cause a blood immune response after infection through the respiratory system.
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| we | revealed | immune response process of SARS-CoV-2 (count: 1) | |
| In conclusion, in this study, we revealed the immune response process of SARS-CoV-2 entering the blood circulation system using immune profiling analysis with single-cell resolution.
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| results | suggested | range of immune responses involved after SARS-CoV-2 infection (count: 1) | |
| These results suggested a wide range of immune responses involved in the blood circulation system after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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| we | explore | immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 (count: 1) | |
| To explore cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2, we isolated PBMCs from the whole blood and phenotypically analyzed them by flow cytometry (Figure 2A ).
-- reference not found! | |
| SARS-CoV-2 | deconvolute | immune response (count: 1) | |
| SARS-CoV-2 is a large RNA virus and testing of all overlapping peptides in vitro to deconvolute an immune response is not feasible.
-- reference not found! | |
| peptides | elicit | immune response against SARS-CoV-2 (count: 1) | |
| Such peptides are thus very unlikely to elicit an immune response against SARS-CoV-2 and are therefore unsuitable for vaccine development.
-- reference not found! | |
| immune response | is in | 2019-nCoV pathogenesis (count: 1) | |
| So far, the cytokines storm's effects on viral pneumonia are considerable complex and their clinical roles in severe lung injury have not been extensively documented, therefore, further investigations are needed to elucidate immune and inflammation response in 2019-nCoV pathogenesis, which is of crucial importance for efficient treatments.
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| Patients | will develop | antibody immune response to antigens of 2019-nCoV (count: 1) | |
| Patients with resolved viral infection will develop a polyclonal antibody immune response to different viral antigens of 2019-nCoV. Some of these polyclonal antibodies will likely neutralize the virus and prevent new rounds of infection, and the patients with resolved infection should produce 2019-nCoV antibodies in high titer.
-- reference not found! | |
| women | may face mortality due to | immune responses from cytokine-storm by COVID-19 infection (count: 1) | |
| Moreover, due to the characteristic immune responses during pregnancy and potential risks from the cytokine-storm by COVID-19 infection, pregnant women with COVID-19 infection may face severe morbidity and even mortality.
-- reference not found! | |
| COVID-19 | can lead to | immune response (count: 1) | |
| COVID-19 can lead to strong immune response and inflammatory storm [4] .
-- Traditional Chinese medicine for COVID-19 treatment. Pharmacological Research. 2020-05-31. | |
| it | understand | map of immune responses against 2019-nCoV infection (count: 1) | |
| Therefore, it is important to understand the lung microenvironment and the map of immune responses against 2019-nCoV infection, which might help to define clinical stages and uncover the pathogenesis of the disease.
-- What to do next to control the 2019-nCoV epidemic?. The Lancet. 2020-02-14. | |
| Presentation | will drive | host immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 (count: 1) | |
| Presentation of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein-derived peptides by recruited APCs will drive adaptive host immune responses against SARS-CoV-2.
-- reference not found! | |
| information | is available about | targets of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 (count: 1) | |
| However, little information is available about the targets of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2.
-- A Sequence Homology and Bioinformatic Approach Can Predict Candidate Targets for Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2. Cell Host & Microbe. 2020-03-16. | |
| study | identifies | likely targets of immune response to SARS-CoV-2 (count: 1) | |
| The present study identifies likely targets of the human immune response to SARS-CoV-2, encompassing both the B and T cell arms of the adaptive immune response.
-- A Sequence Homology and Bioinformatic Approach Can Predict Candidate Targets for Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2. Cell Host & Microbe. 2020-03-16. | |